China in the International System

University of Cambridge (2012)

Course Handbook

General Reading

Imperial and Pre-Revolutionary China

Fairbank, John King (1968) The Chinese World Order: Traditional China’s Foreign Relations (reprinted 2013) (Harvard UP)

Mancall, Mark (1984) China at the Center: 300 Years of Foreign Policy (Free Press)

Hunt, Michael (1998) The Genesis of Chinese Communist Foreign Policy (Columbia UP)

Gray, Jack (1990) Rebellions and Revolutions: China from the 1800s to the 1980s (Oxford: OUP)

Hsu, Immanuel (2000) The Rise of Modern China (6th ed.) (New York: Oxford: OUP)

Post-1949 China

Kim, Samuel (1998) China and the World: Chinese Foreign Policy Faces the New Millennium (Perseus)

Yahuda, Michael (2011) The International Politics of the Asia Pacific, 1945-1995 (Routledge)

Lampton, David (2001) The Making of Chinese Foreign and Security Policy in the Reform Era, 1978-2000 (Stanford UP)

Buzan, Barry and Rosemary Foot (2004) Does China Matter?  A Reassessment (Routledge)

Robinson, Thomas (ed.) (2000) Chinese Foreign Policy: Theory and Practice (Oxford: OUP)

Roy, Denny (1998) China’s Foreign Relations (Palgrave)

Kornberg, Judith F. and John R. Faust (2005) China in World Politics: Policies, Processes, Prospects (Lynne Rienner)

Zhang, Yongjin (1998) China in International Society Since 1949: Alienation and Beyond (Palgrave)

Breslin, Shaun (2009) China and the Global Political Economy (Palgrave Macmillan)

Breslin, Shaun (2015) A Handbook of China’s International Relations (Routledge)

Seminars 1 and 2

Questions

1. How did China understand ‘international relations’ before the arrival of the West?
2. Explain the causes and consequences of the First Opium War, 1839-42
3. To what extent were the internal upheavals that took place in China during the nineteenth century a genuine response to the West?  Are there any domestic factors that we should consider?

Chinese World Order

Fairbank, John King (1968) The Chinese World Order: Traditional China’s Foreign Relations (reprinted 2013) (Harvard UP)

Fairbank, John King and Feng (1941) ‘On the Ch’ing Tributary System,’ Harvard Journal of Asiatic Studies, Vol.6, No.2, pp.135-246

Fairbank, John King (1942) ‘Tributary Trade and China’s Relations with the West,’ Far Eastern Quarterly, Vol.1, No.2, pp.129-149

Fairbank, John King (1987) The Great Chinese Revolution, 1800-1985 (Harper Perennial) pp.15-38

Mancall, Mark (1984) China at the Center: 300 Years of Foreign Policy (Free Press)

Cohen, Warren (2001) East Asia at the Center: Four Thousand Years of Engagement with the World (Columbia UP)

Zhao, Suisheng (1997) Power Competition in East Asia (Palgrave Macmillan), Chapter 2

Hunt, Michael (1998) The Genesis of Chinese Communist Foreign Policy (Columbia UP)

Adshead, S.A.M. (2000) China in World History (Palgrave Macmillan)

Gray, Jack (1990) Rebellions and Revolutions: China from the 1800s to the 1980s (Oxford: OUP)

Hsu, Immanuel (2014) China’s Entrance into the Family of Nations (Harvard UP)

First Opium War

Wakeman, Frederick (2008) ‘The Canton Trade and the Opium War,’ Cambridge History of China, Volume 10, Part 1, pp.163-212

Fairbank, John King (2008) ‘Creation of the Treaty System,’ Cambridge History of China, Volume 10, Part 1, pp.213-63

Gray, Jack (1990) Rebellions and Revolutions: China from the 1800s to the 1980s (Oxford University Press), pp.38-51

Ward Fay, Peter (1998) The Opium War, 1840-42: Barbarians in the Celestial Empire (University of North Carolina Press)

Hanes, W. Travis and Frank Sanello (2005) The Opium Wars: The Addiction of One Empire and the Corruption of Another (Barnes and Noble)

Collins, Maurice (2011) Foreign Mud: The Opium Imbroglio at Canton in the 1830s and the Anglo-Chinese War (Faber & Faber)

Waley, Arthur (1958) The Opium War through Chinese Eyes (Stanford UP)

Response to the West/Domestic Factors

Wright, Mary (1973) The Last Stand of Chinese Conservatism: T’ung Chih Restoration, 1862-74 (Stanford UP)

Cohen, Paul (2010) Discovering History in China (Stanford University Press), Chapter 1 – The Problem with China’s Response to the West and Chapter 3 – Imperialism: Reality or Myth

Cohen, Paul (1976) Reform in Nineteenth Century China (Harvard UP)

Perry, Elizabeth (1980) Rebels and Revolutionaries in Northern China, 1845-1945 (Stanford UP)

Gray, Jack (1990) Rebellions and Revolutions: China from the 1800s to the 1980s (Oxford University Press), pp.22-51 and pp.77-101

Gong, Gerrit () China’s Entry into International Society,’ in Hedley Bull & Alan Watson, The Expansion of International Society (Oxford: OUP) pp.171-184

Hunt, Michael (1998) The Genesis of Chinese Communist Foreign Policy (Columbia UP), Chapter 2

Hsu, Immanuel (2014) ‘Late Ch’ing Foreign Relations, 1866-1905,’ in Cambridge History of China, Volume 11, Part 2, pp.70-141

Hsu, Immanuel (2014) China’s Entrance into the Family of Nations (Harvard UP)

Hsu, Immanuel (2000) The Rise of Modern China (6th ed.) (New York: OUP), Chapters 8 and 12

Meng, S.M. (1962) The Tsungli [Zongli] Yamen: Its Organisation and Functions (Harvard)

Seminars 3 and 4

Questions

1. From Revolution to Revisionism – account for the changing patterns in Chinese foreign policy during the Mao era (1949-1976)
2. What were the causes of the Sino-Soviet split?

3. Mao Foreign Policy

Camilleri, Joseph (1980) Chinese Foreign Policy: Mao Period and its Aftermath (Wiley-Blackwell)

Barnouin, Barbara & Yu Changgen (1998) Chinese Foreign Policy During the Cultural Revolution

Chen, Jian (1996) China’s Road to the Korean War: The Making of the Sino-American Confrontation (Columbia UP)

Chen, Jian (2001) Mao’s China and the Cold War (University of North Carolina Press)

Breslin, Shaun (2000) Mao (Routledge)

Van Ness, Peter (2000) ‘China as a Third World State: Foreign Policy and Official National Identity’, in Lowell Dittmer and Samuel S. Kim China’s Quest for National Identity (Cornell UP)

Van Ness, Peter (1992) Revolution and Chinese Foreign Policy: Peking’s Support for Wars of National Liberation (University of California Press)

Sutter, Robert (1983) The China Quandary: Domestic Determinants of US China Policy, 1972-82 (Routledge)

Sutter, Robert (1978) Chinese Foreign Policy After the Cultural Revolution, 1966-1977 (Boulder, CO: Westview Press)

Armstrong, David (2018) Revolutionary Diplomacy: Chinese Foreign Policy and the United Front Doctrine (University of California Press)

Armstrong, David (1993) Revolution and World Order: The Revolutionary State in International Society (Clarendon Press)

Chen, King (2018) China and the Three Worlds: A Foreign Policy Reader (Routledge)

Kim, Samuel (2015) China, the United Nations, and World Order, (Princeton UP) chapter 2

4. Sino Soviet Split

Whiting, Allen (1987)’The Sino-Soviet Split’ in Cambridge History of China, vol. 14, part 1, chapter 11

Chen, Jian (2001) ‘Mao’s Continuous Revolution and the Rise and Demise of the Sino-Soviet Alliance’ in Mao’s China and the Cold War, (University of North Carolina Press) pp.49-84

Dittmer, Lowell (1992) Sino-Soviet Normalization and its International Implications, 1945-1990 (Jackson School Publications)

Dittmer, Lowell (1991) ‘China’s Search for its Place in the World,’ in Brantly Womack, Contemporary Chinese Politics in Comparative Perspective SEE SIDEBAR

Goldstein, Steven (1995) ‘Nationalism and Internationalism: Sino-Soviet Relations,’ in Thomas Robinson and David Shambaugh Chinese Foreign Policy (Clarendon) chapter 9

Borisov, Oleg & B.T. Koloskov (1975) Chinese-Soviet Relations, 1945-1970 (Bloomington: Indiana UP)

Garver, John (1990) ‘New Light on Sino-Soviet Relations: The Memoir of a Chinese Ambassador to Moscow, 1955-1962,’ China Quarterly, No.122, pp.303-307

Gittings, John (1968) A Survey of the Sino-Soviet Dispute (Oxford: OUP)

Gittings, John (2018) The World and China, 1922-1972 (Routledge) chapters 10-12

Schram, Stuart (1969) The Political Thought of Mao Zedong (New York: Praeger) chapter 10

Bernkopf Tucker, Nancy (1996) ‘Continuing Controversies in the Literature of US-China Relations since 1945’ in Warren Cohen, Pacific Passage: The Study of American-East Asian Relations on the Eve of the Twenty-First Century (Columbia UP), pp.213-46

Zhao, Suisheng (1997) Power Competition in East Asia (Palgrave Macmillan) chapters 6-7

Gray, Jack (1990) Rebellions and Revolutions: China from the 1800s to the 1980s (Oxford: OUP), pp.322-325

Breslin, Shaun (2000) Mao (Routledge), Chapter 6

Seminar 5

Post-Mao Economic Reform and Chinese Foreign Policy in the 1980s

Questions

1. Why did China attempt to (re-)join the world economy after 1978? How successful was this attempt?
2. What was the impact of the 1989 Tiananmen crackdown on China‟s relations with the outside world?
3. What does period this tell us about the importance of human rights for those nations trading with China?

1980s China

Segal, Gerald (ed.)(1990) Chinese Politics and Foreign Policy Reform (London: Kegan Paul International

Lardy, Nicholas R. (2010) Foreign Trade and Economic Reform in China, 1978-90 (Cambridge: CUP) SEE SIDEBAR

Harding, Harry (1992) A Fragile Relationship: The US and China since 1972 (Brookings Institution Press)

Sutter, Robert (1985) Chinese Foreign Policy: Developments After Mao (New York: Praeger)

Yahuda, Michael (1983) Towards the End of Isolationism: China’s Foreign Policy After Mao

Yahuda, Michael (2011) The International Politics of the Asia-Pacific, 1945-95 (Routledge) Chapter 6

Teufel Dreyer, June (ed.) (1989) Chinese Defence and Foreign Policy (Paragon House)

Nolan, Peter & Tung Fu-Jeng (1990) The Chinese Economy and its Future (Cambridge: Polity Press)

Bernkopf Tucker, Nancy (1991) ‘China and America: 1941-1991,’ Foreign Affairs, Vol.70, no.5, pp.75-92

Thoburn, John & Jude Howell (1995) ‘Trade and Development: The Political Economy of China’s Open Door Policy,’ in Robert Benewick and Paul Wingrove, China in the 1990s (Palgrave Macmillan) pp.158-68

Hinton, Harold (1995) „China as an Asian Power‟, in Thomas Robinson & David Shambaugh, Chinese Foreign Policy (Clarendon) chapter 13

Wang Jisi (1997) ‘The Role of the US as a Global and Pacific Power: A View from China,’ Pacific Review, Vol.10, No.1 (1997), pp.1-18

Shambaugh, David (1993) Beautiful Imperialist: China Perceives America (Princeton UP) Chapter 6

Tiananmen

Domes, Jurgen (1990) After Tiananmen Square: Challenges for the Chinese American Relationship (Brassey’s Inc.)

Suettinger, Robert (2004) Beyond Tiananmen: The Politics of US-China Relations, 1989-2000 (Brookings Institution Press)

Cheng, Joseph (1991) ‘China’s Post-Tiananmen Diplomacy’ in George Hicks, The Broken Mirror: China After Tiananmen (Longman)

McGurn, William (1991) ‘The US and China: Sanctioning Tiananmen’ in George Hicks, The Broken Mirror: China After Tiananmen (Longman)

Harding, Harry (1990) ‘The Impact of Tiananmen on Chinese Foreign Policy,’ National Bureau of Asian and Soviet Research, NBR Analysis, 3 (1990), pp.5-17

Harding, Harry (1992) ‘China’s American Dilemma,’ The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol.519, No.1, pp.12-25

Kesavan, K.V. (1990) ‘Japan and the Tiananmen Square Incident: Aspects of the Bi-lateral Relationship,’ Asian Survey, Vol.30, No.7, pp.669-81

Naughton, Barry (1990) ‘Economic Reform and the Chinese Political Crisis of 1989,’ Journal of Asian Economics, Vol.1, No.2, pp.349-61

Seminar 6

Economic Reform and Globalisation Since Tiananmen

Question

Has China‟s immersion into the global economy been a success or a failure?

Successes

Lardy, Nicholas (2001) Integrating China into the World Economy (Brookings Institution Press)

Zweig, David (2002) Internationalizing China: Domestic Interests and Global Linkages (Cornell UP)

OECD (2000) ‘Main Determinants and Impacts of Foreign Direct Investment on China’s Economy,’ OECD Working Paper on International Investment

Chen Baizhu (2000) ‘Determinants of Economic Growth in China: Private Enterprise, Education and Openness,’ China Economic Review, Vol.11, No.1, pp.1-15

Naughton, Barry (2006) The Chinese Economy: Transitions and Growth (MIT Press)

Lin< Justin (2003) The China Miracle: Development Strategy and Economic Reform(Chinese University Press)

Kynge, James (2009) China Shakes the World: The Rise of a Hungry Nation (W&N)

Chow, Gregory (2015) China’s Economic Transformation (Wiley-Blackwell)

Failures

Lu Xiaobo (2002) Cadres and Corruption: The Organizational Involution of the Chinese Communist Party

Thornton, Patricia (2004) ‘Comrades and Collectives in Arms: Tax Resistance, Evasion and Avoidance Strategies in Post-Mao China,’ in Peter Hays-Gries & Stanley Rosen, State and Society in 21st Century China (Routledge)

Wedeman, Andrew (1997) ‘Stealing from the Farmers: Institutional Corruption and the IOU Crisis,’ China Quarterly, No.152 (1997), pp.805-831

Gong, Ting (1997) ‘Forms and Characteristics of China’s Corruption in the 1990s,’ Communist and Post-Communist Studies, Vol.30, No.3, pp.277-88

Solinger, Dorothy (2004) ‘The New Crowd of the Dispossessed: The Shift of the Urban Proletariat from Master to Mendicant,’ in Peter Hays Gries and Stanley Rosen,State and Society in 21st Century China (Routledge)

Duckett, Jane (2003) ‘China’s Social Security Reforms and the Comparative Politics of Market Transition,’ Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, Vol.19, No.1, pp.80-101

Weston (2004) ‘The Iron Man Weeps: Joblessness and Political Legitimacy in the Chinese Rust Belt,’ in Peter Hays Gries and Stanley Rosen, State and Society in 21st Century China (Routledge)

Solinger, Dorothy (2006) ‘The Creation of a New Underclass in China and its Implications,’ Environment and Urbanization, Vol.18, No.1, pp.177-93

Seminar 7

The Political Consequences of Economic Reform in China

Question

Is democratisation in China inevitable in the light of its open-door policy?

White, Gordon (1993) Riding the Tiger: The Politics of Economic Reform in Post-Mao China (Palgrave Macmillan)

White, Howell and Shang (1996) In Search of Civil Society: Market Reform and Social Change in Contemporary China (Clarendon Press)

Ding, Yijiang (2002) Chinese Democracy After Tiananmen (Columbia UP)

Zheng, Yongniang (1994) ‘Development and Democracy: Are They Compatible in China?’ Political Science Quarterly, Vol.109, No.2, pp.235-59

He, Baogong (2014) The Democratic Implications of Civil Society in China (Palgrave Macmillan)

Saich, Tony (2000) ‘Negotiating the State: The Development of Social Organizations in China,’ China Quarterly, No.161, pp.124-41

Zhao, Suisheng (2000) China and Democracy: Reconsidering the Prospects for a Democratic China (Routledge)

Zhang, Jianjun (2008) Marketization and Democracy in China (Routledge)

Dickson, Bruce (2003) Red Capitalists in China: The Party, Private Entrepreneurs and Prospects for Political Change (Cambridge: CUP) SEE SIDEBAR

O’Brien, Kevin (2008) Reform without Liberalization: China’s National People’s Congress and the Politics of Institutional Change (Cambridge: CUP) SEE SIDEBAR

Fewsmith, Joseph (2008) China Since Tiananmen: From Deng Xiaoping to Hu Jintao (Cambridge: CUP) SEE SIDEBAR

Nathan, Andrew (1986) Chinese Democracy: The Individual and the State in Twentieth Century China (IB Tauris)

He, Baogang (2007) Rural Democracy in China (AIAA)

O’Brien, Kevin (2001) ‘Villagers, Elections and Citizenship in Contemporary China,’ Modern China, Vol.27, No.4, pp. 407-35

Pastor, Robert & Tan, Qingshan (2000) ‘The Meaning of China’s Village Elections,’ China Quarterly, No.162, pp.490-512

Oi, Jean & Scott Rozelle (2000) ‘Elections and Power: The Locus of Decision-Making in Chinese Villages,’ China Quarterly, No.162, pp.513-39

Weatherley, Robert (2006) Politics in China Since 1949: Legitimising Authoritarian Regimes (Routledge) Chapter 6

Seminar 8

The Role of Nationalism in Chinese Foreign Relations

Question

Why has there been a rise in grass-roots popular nationalism since Tiananmen and to what extent, if at all, has this form of nationalism impacted on the CCP‟s ability to conduct foreign relations?

Hays Gries, Peter (2004) China’s New Nationalism: Pride, Politics, and Diplomacy (University of California Press)

Hays Gries, Peter (2005) ‘China’s “New Thinking” on Japan,’ China Quarterly, No.184, pp.831-50

Deans, Phil (2005) ‘Nationalism and National Self-Assertion in the People’s Republic of China: State Patriotism Versus Popular Nationalism?,’ Copenhagen Journal of Asian Studies, No.21, pp.45-63

Deans, Phil (2000) ‘Contending Nationalisms in Northeast Asia and the Diaoyu/Senkaku Dispute,’ Security Dialogue, Vol.31, No.1, pp.119-31

Deans, Phil (2004) ‘The Internet in the People‟s Republic of China: Censorship and Participation,’ in Abbott, The Political Economy of the Internet in Asia and the Pacific (New York: Praeger)

Shen, Simon & Shaun Breslin (2010) Online Chinese Nationalism and China’s Bilateral Relations (Lexington Books)

Whiting, Allen (1995) ‘Chinese Nationalism and Foreign Policy After Deng,’ China Quarterly, No.142, pp.295- 316

Whiting, Allen (1983) ‘Assertive Nationalism in Chinese Policy,’ Asian Survey, Vol.23, No.8, pp.913-33

Zheng, Yongnian (2010) Discovering Chinese Nationalism in China (Cambridge: CUP)

Seckington, Ian (2005) ‘Nationalism, Ideology and China’s Fourth Generation Leadership,’ Journal of Contemporary China, Vol.14, No.42, pp.23-33

Rose, Caroline (1998) Interpreting History in Sino-Japanese Relations: A Case Study in Political Decision-Making (Routledge)

Rose, Caroline (2000) ‘Patriotism is not Taboo: Nationalism in China and Japan and Implications for Sino-Japanese Relations,’ Japan Forum, Vol.12, No.2, pp.169- 81

Jia Qingguo (2005) ‘Disrespect and Distrust: The External Origins of Contemporary Chinese Nationalism,’ Journal of Contemporary China, Vol.14, No.42, pp.11- 21

Xu, Guangqiu (2001) ‘Anti-Western Nationalism: 1989-1999,’ World Affairs, Vol.163, No.4, pp.151-62

Strecker-Downs, Erica & Phillip Saunders (1998) ‘Legitimacy and the Limits of Nationalism: China and the Diaoyutai Islands,’ International Security, Vol.23, No.3, pp.114-46

Zhao, Suisheng (1998) ‘A State-Led Nationalism: The Patriotic Education Campaign in Post-Tiananmen China,’ Communist and Post-Communist Studies, Vol.31, No.3, pp.287-302

Zhao, Dingxin (2002) ‘An Angle on Nationalism in China Today: Attitudes Among Beijing Students after Belgrade 1999,’ China Quarterly, No.172, pp.885-905

Weatherley, Robert (2008) ‘Defending the Nation: The Role of Nationalism in Chinese Thinking on Human Rights,’ Democratization, Vol.15, No.2, pp.342-62

Seminars 9 and 10

The Role of Human Rights in Chinese Foreign Relations

Questions

1. China‟s human rights practice is an internal, domestic affair and the international community should refrain from taking a critical stance.
2. China is one of the world‟s worst violators of human rights and the international community is perfectly justified in its criticism of China.

Ming, Wan (2001) Human Rights and Chinese Foreign Relations: Defining and Defending National Interests (University of Pennsylvania Press)

Ming, Wan (1997) ‘Human Rights and Sino-US relations: Policies and Changing Realities,’ Pacific Review, vol.10, No.2, pp.237-55

Wachman, Alan (2001) ‘Does the Diplomacy of Shame Promote Human Rights in China,’ Third World Quarterly, Vol.22, No.2, pp.275-81

Nathan, Andrew (1994) ‘Human Rights in Chinese Foreign Policy,’ China Quarterly, No.139, pp.622-643

Copper, John (1994) ‘Peking’s Post-Tiananmen Foreign Policy: The Human Rights Factor,’ Issues and Studies, Vol.30, No.10, pp.49-73

Seymour,James (1998) ‘Human Rights in Chinese Foreign Relations,’ in Kim, China and the World (Perseus), Chapter 10

Kent, Ann (1999) China, the United Nations and Human Rights: the Limits of Compliance (University of Pennsylvania Press)

Kent, Ann (1993) Between Freedom and Subsistence: China and Human Rights (Oxford: OUP)

Van Ness, Peter (1996) ‘Addressing Human Rights Issues in Sino-American Relations,’ Journal of International Affairs, Vol.49, No.2, pp.35-49

Massingdale, Lee (2009) Human Rights in China (Nova Science Publishers0

Weatherley, Robert (1999) The Discourse on Human Rights in China: Historical and Ideological Perspectives (Palgrave Macmillan)

Weatherley, Robert (2001) .The Evolution of Chinese Thinking on Human Rights in the Post-Mao Era,’ Journal of Communist Studies and Transition Politics, Vol.17, No.2, pp.19-42

Weatherley, Robert (2008) ‘Defending the Nation: The Role of Nationalism in Chinese Thinking on Human Rights,’ Democratization, Vol.15, No.2, pp.342-62

Dallmayr, Fred (2002) ‘”Asian Values” and Global Human Rights,’ Philosophy East and West, Vol.52, No.2, pp.173-189

Freeman, Michael (1996) ‘Human Rights, Democracy and “Asian Values”,’ Pacific Review, Vol.9, No.3, pp.367-88

Robison, Richard (1996) ‘The Politics of “Asian Values”,’ Pacific Review, Vol.9, No.3, pp.352-66

Seminars 11 and 12

The China Threat Debate: Arguments for and Against

1. China represents a real and present danger to US hegemony.
2. The China Threat thesis is a paranoid misconception of Chinese intentions which are altogether peaceful and non-threatening to America‟s dominant role in the international community.

Bernstein, Richard & Ross Munro (1998) The Coming Conflict with China (Vintage Books)

Bernstein, Richard & Ross Munro (1997) ‘The Coming Conflict with America,’ Foreign Affairs, Vol.76, No.2, pp.18-32

Ramo, Joshua (2004) The Beijing Consensus: Notes on the Physics of Chinese Power (Foreign Policy Centre)

Mearsheimer, John (2001) The Tragedy of Great Power Politics, Chapters 1 and 2, pp.1-54

Taylor Fravel, M. (2008) Strong Borders, Secure Nation: Co-operation and Conflict in China’s Territorial Disputes (Princeton: UP)

Johnston, Alastair Iain (2003) ‘Is China a Status Quo Power?,’ International Security, Vol.27, No.4, pp.5-56

Gertz, Bill (2002) The China Threat: How the People’s Republic Targets America (Regnery Publishing)

Shirk, Susan (2008) China: Fragile Superpower: How China’s Internal Politics Could Derail Its Peaceful Rise (Oxford: OUP)

Guo, Fujian (2006) China’s Peaceful Rise in the 21 Century: Domestic and International Conditions (Routledge)

Ross, Robert S. (1997) ‘Why Our Hardliners are Wrong,’ The National Interest, No.49, pp.42-51

Timperlake, Edward & William Triplett (1999) Red Dragon Rising: China’s Military Threat to America (Regnery Publishing)

Zheng, Bijan (2005) ‘China‟s “Peaceful Rise” to Great-Power Status,’ Foreign Affairs, Vol.84, No.5, pp.18-24

Roy, Denny (1994) ‘Hegemon on the Horizon? China’s Threat to East Asian Security,’ International Security, Vol.19, No.1, pp.149-68

Roy, Denny (1996) ‘The “China Threat” Issue: Major Arguments,’ Asian Survey, Vol.36, No.8, pp.758-71

Thomas, Gordon (2001) Seeds of Fire: China and the Story Behind the Attack on America (Dandelion Books)

Qiao, Liang & Wang Xiangsui (2017) Unrestricted Warfare: China’s Master Plan to Destroy America (Independently published)

Teufel Dreyer (1996) ‘Regional Security Issues,’ Journal of International Affairs, Vol.49, No.2, pp.391-411

Wortzel, Larry (1994) ‘China Pursues Traditional Great-Power Status,’ Orbis, Vol.38, No.2, pp.157-75

Segal, Gerald (1993) ‘The Coming Confrontation Between China and Japan?,’ World Policy Journal, Vol.10, No.2, pp.27-32

Storey, Ian (1999) ‘Creeping Assertiveness: China, the Philippines and the South China Sea Dispute,’ Contemporary Southeast Asia, Vol.21, no.1, pp. 95-118

Chen, Jian (1993) ‘Will China‟s Development Threaten Asia- Pacific Security?,’ Security Dialogue, Vol.24, No.2, pp.193-196

Callahan, William (2005) ‘How to Understand China: The Dangers and Opportunities of Being a Rising Power,’ Review of International Studies, No.31, pp.701-714

Waldron, Arthur (2005) ‘The Rise of China: Military and Political Implications,’ Review of International Studies, No.31, pp.715-33

Chang, Gordon G. (2003) The Coming Collapse of China (Arrow)

Essay Questions

You are required to write one 4,000 word essay or two 2,000 word essays. You can chose from the seminar questions listed above (with the exception of seminar questions 9 & 10 which are purely discursive) or from those listed below. If you chose to write two essays, please do not choose them from the same subject area.

1. “Glorious isolation”. Discuss this view of the traditional Chinese world order.
2. Explain the background to the First Opium War. Was China genuinely “opened” by the Treaty of Nanjing?
3. The Qing Dynasty collapsed because its rulers refused to abandon their sino-centric perspective of the world.
4. Critically examine the view that China‟s foreign policy during the Mao period was governed exclusively by a desire to secure its national boundaries.
5. What role did ideology play in the alliance and subsequent split between China and the Soviet Union?
6. To what extent was China‟s foreign policy during the 1980s driven by domestic considerations?
7. “China‟s immersion into the global economy has caused more problems than it has solved”. Discuss in relation to the domestic impact of globalisation on China.
8. China‟s economic success since the death of Mao is largely attributable to the post- Mao retention of an authoritarian political system.
9. The rise of nationalism in post-Tiananmen China is directly related to China‟s “century of humiliation”.
10. “Despite official rhetoric to the contrary, China‟s human rights record is of no real interest to the international community. All that matters is the maintenance of bi- lateral trade.” Discuss in relation to Sino-US relations.
11. How has China responded to international criticism of its human rights record? Has such criticism “improved” Chinese human rights?
12. Is China now balancing the power of the United States?